Robot Categories

Research Robots

Browse robots by market, form factor, use case, and grade.

Category Guide

Research Robots guide, robot profiles, specs and comparisons

Robots used by universities, labs, developers, and robotics researchers for experimentation and platform development.

Research robots are grouped here when they are built for labs, universities, developers, experimentation, education, or platform development.

Tracked robots81

Robots with price data81

Deployment signals8

What counts as research robots?

A robot belongs here when it is useful as a robotics platform, even if it is not intended for general commercial deployment.

What is outside this category?

Consumer products and enterprise tools should not be listed as research robots unless they are actively positioned for labs, SDK work, ROS use, or academic development.

Good robots to start with

Unitree G1, NimbRo-OP2X, NAO, Atlas, Valkyrie, GR-2, ASIMO, CyberOne are useful starting points for this category. Use them to compare size, maturity, availability, source quality, and visible hardware.

Manufacturers represented

Aldebaran, Astribot, Boston Dynamics, EngineAI, Engineered Arts, FF EAI Robotics, Fourier Intelligence, Franka Robotics, Hanson Robotics, Honda. Manufacturer maturity matters because support, documentation, spare parts, and deployment programs can matter as much as raw specs.

Research Robots comparison table

The table gives a quick side-by-side view. Open a robot profile when you need the full spec sheet, image gallery, videos, source links, and notes about uncertain fields.

Spec	Unitree G1	NimbRo-OP2X	NAO	Atlas	Valkyrie	GR-2	ASIMO	CyberOne	iCub	Unitree H2	ROBOTIS OP3	REEM-C	Poppy Humanoid	Neo	HRP-5P	HRP-4	Unitree H1	Unitree G1	TALOS	Pudu D9	LBR iiwa	Apptronik Apollo	Walker S	Menteebot	Figure 02	Digit	Agibot A2	Xiaomi Cyberone	Kepler	Figure 01	Walker X	Tekntrash Alpha	T1 Grippers	Rb Y1	Pudu D7	N2	Mirokai	Limx	K1 Pro	K1 Geek	K1 Edu	Hmnd 01	Unitree H2	Unitree H1	RB-Y1	Franka Research 3	T-HR3	Sophia	Phoenix	Ameca	Alter3	ARMAR-6	Vega	Unitree R1	Torobo	T1 Standard	T1 Basic	Robotera L7	Px5	Pm 01	Gr 2	Ff Master	Atom	Astribot S1	Allex	Torobo	PM01	Kengoro	GR-1	G1	Astribot S1	AMBIDEX	Quantax2	Ff Futurist	Dora	Adam Sp	Adam	Steve	Ambidex	Ff Aegis Advanced Quadruped	Xman R1
Availability	Piloting	Research platform	Paid deployment	Prototype	Research platform	Announced	Discontinued	Prototype	Research platform	Announced	Research platform	Research platform	Research platform	Preorder	Research platform	Research platform	Paid deployment	Not publicly confirmed	Research platform	Not publicly confirmed	Paid deployment	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Announced	Paid deployment	Research platform	Paid deployment	Not publicly confirmed	Paid deployment	Research platform	Research platform	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Research platform	Announced	Research platform	Announced	Announced	Prototype	Research platform	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Not publicly confirmed	Public product page	Not publicly confirmed
Price	$13,500	Parts-cost research platform	Quote-based educational/research pricing	Price not publicly listed	Not sold commercially	Approx	Not sold commercially	Not publicly sold	Research platform pricing by inquiry	$29,900	Public current MSRP not consistently listed	Price not publicly listed	EUR 6,552	$20,000 ownership	Not sold commercially	JPY 26,000,000 reported launch price	Enterprise quote	$13,500	Price not publicly listed	Enterprise quote	Quote-based industrial pricing	Enterprise quote	Enterprise pricing not publicly listed	Commercial/enterprise pricing not publicly listed	Enterprise/customer pilots	Not publicly sold	USD 100,000-190,000 reported configuration range	Not publicly sold	No public MSRP found	Prototype/enterprise pilot	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	$29,900	Enterprise quote	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Not sold commercially	No public MSRP found	Enterprise/pilot pricing not publicly listed	No public MSRP found	No public MSRP found	No public MSRP found	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed	Price not publicly listed
Height	1320 mm	135 cm (1350 mm)	574 mm	1	1	175 cm (1750 mm)	130 cm (1300 mm)	177 cm (1770 mm)	~105 cm (1050 mm)	1800 mm	About 510 mm	165 cm	83 cm (830 mm)	5 ft 6 in (1676 mm)	182 cm (1820 mm)	151 cm (1510 mm)	About 1800 mm	1320 mm	175 cm	170 cm (1700 mm)	Not publicly listed	1727 mm	170 cm (1700 mm)	175 cm (1750 mm)	1700 mm	5 ft 9 in (1750 mm)	175 cm (1750 mm)	177 cm (1770 mm)	178 cm (1780 mm) reported	168 cm (1680 mm)	1300 mm	2000 mm	118 mm	140 mm	165 mm	118 mm	130 mm	164 mm	95 mm	95 mm	95 mm	175 mm	1800 mm	1800 mm	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	170 cm (1700 mm)	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	171 mm	121 mm	161	118 mm	118 mm	171 mm	150 mm	138 mm	1750 mm	131 mm	153 mm	170 cm (1700 mm)	1650 mm	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	172 mm	167 mm	100 mm	1	1750 mm	210 mm	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed
Weight	About 35 kg	19 kg	5	90 kg	129 kg	63 kg	48 kg	52 kg	33 kg with battery backpack	70 kg	About 3	80kg	3	66 lb (30 kg)	101 kg	39 kg	About 47 kg	35 kg	95 kg	65 kg	Not publicly listed	72	77 kg	70 kg	70 kg	65 kg	55 kg	52 kg	85 kg	60 kg	63 kg	30 kg	30 kg	131 kg	45 kg	30 kg	30 kg	45 kg	19	19	19	70 kg	70 kg	47 kg	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	70 kg	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	135 kg	25 kg	120 kg	30 kg	30 kg	65 kg	109 kg	40 kg	63 kg	39 kg	62 kg	80 kg	55 kg	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	95 kg	Not publicly listed	20 kg	62 kg	63 kg	140 kg	2	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed
Payload	About 2 kg arm max load	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	3 kg single-arm payload	1 kg carrying	1	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	1 kg	Not publicly listed	18 lb arm payload (8	Can handle gypsum boards approx	0	Not publicly listed	2 kg	6 Kg	20 kg maximum payload	7 kg (LBR iiwa 7 R800) or 14 kg (LBR iiwa 14 R820)	25 kg	10 kg reported	25 kg	25 kg	35 lb (16 kg)	15 kg per arm	1	25 kg	20 kg	3 kg	6 kg	Not publicly listed	6 kg	10 kg	5 kg	Not publicly listed	3 kg	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	15 kg	21 kg	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	3 kg	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	25 kg	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	15 kg	Not publicly listed	7 kg	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	20 kg	3 kg	Not publicly listed	3 kg	3 kg	20 kg	10 kg	3 kg	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	6 kg	Not publicly listed	5 kg	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	3 kg	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed
Runtime	About 2h	20-40 min	60 min active use	4 hours	Approximately 1 hour autonomous operation	~2 hours	1 hour running/walking	Not publicly disclosed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	4h	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	2 hours	Not publicly listed	8 hours	N/A - fixed industrial robot powered by controller	4 hours	~2 hours	4-5 hours	5 hours	4 hours	2 hours	Not publicly disclosed	8 hours reported	5 hours	2 hours	7 hours	2 hours	3 hours	8 hours	2 hours	4 hours	2 hours	55 hours	0	1	4 hours	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly disclosed / not applicable for typical tethered...	Not publicly disclosed / not applicable for typical tethered...	Not publicly listed	Not publicly disclosed / not applicable for typical tethered...	Not publicly disclosed / not applicable for typical tethered...	Not publicly disclosed / not applicable for typical tethered...	20 hours	1 hours	3 hours	2 hours	2 hours	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	2 hours	2 hours	2 hours	Not publicly listed	4 hours	2 hours	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	3 hours	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed
DOF	23	18 joints	25	56	44	53	57	21	53	31	20	68	25 actuators	75	37	34	Not publicly listed	23	Not publicly listed	42	7	30	41	40	35	4	49+	21	40	16	41	6	31	24	30	18	28	31	22	22	22	41	31	21	24	7	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	20	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	36	26	20	23	23	55	22	24	53	30	41	14	43	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed	62	28	20	41	49	Not publicly listed	14	Not publicly listed	Not publicly listed

Buying and research considerations

Availability

Check whether each robot is sold today, limited to pilots, enterprise quote-only, announced, discontinued, or mainly a research platform. Availability is often the fastest way to narrow the list.

What to compare first

For research robots, compare openness, SDK or ROS support, sensor package, DOF, documentation, repairability, payload, runtime, and whether papers, manuals, or developer resources exist.

What to be careful about

Many robot companies publish partial specs. If price, runtime, safety, SDK, warranty, or deployment details are missing, treat that as unconfirmed rather than assuming the robot can do the job.

How to shortlist

Pick robots that are close to your use case, then compare the complete profiles rather than judging from a single demo image, price claim, or headline specification.

How to use this page

Use the category page as a shortlist builder. The best next step is to compare a few robots that are close in size, task, price status, and maturity, then read the individual profiles before making any buying or research decision.

Some robots belong to more than one category. A research humanoid can also be relevant to enterprise pilots, and a service robot can overlap with consumer or healthcare use. When that happens, the individual robot page is the better place to judge fit.

Research Robots robot profiles

FAQ

What are research robots?

Research Robots are grouped by use case, public specifications, manufacturer positioning, and curated profile data.

Are research robots available to buy?

Some robots are sold, some are enterprise-only, and many are still prototypes or pilot programs. Verify availability on each robot page; sparse categories should be treated as research areas until more source-backed records are connected.

Which specs matter most?

Price, availability, payload, runtime, DOF, safety, SDK or ROS support, source quality, and deployment readiness usually matter more than promotional videos alone.